Politics and Government Essays

The Constitution
This brief paper discusses the ways in which the Constitution supports the Revolution and the ways it negates it; it also discusses slavery in connection with it.

Economy 2003
This paper compares statistics for 2002-2003 with an article about tax amnesty, and concludes that the article does not agree with the statistics.

Précis: Unorthodox Lawmaking
This paper summarizes Barbara Sinclair’s book about Congress, and in particular, how changes within Congress have changed the ways laws are made.

Affimative Action - Why It Should Be Reinstate
This paper discusses Affirmative Action and why it should not have been curtailed.

Bengal Theater: Politics of Rebellion
This paper discusses the development of theater in Bengal and the political plays performed there. (This paper expands on themes discussed in an earlier paper on Bengal theater.)

The Americans with Disabilities Act
This paper examines the basic provisions of the ADA, and then discusses several issues involving the law and its application.

Political Thought: Free Market Concerns and Corporate Greed in the 21st Century
This paper discusses various aspects of social inequalities, including free trade and corporate greed, and further discusses the ideas of Plato, Nietzsche and Marx with regard to class struggle,...

Machiavelli and Plato
This paper considers some of the opinions of these men, as given in The Prince and The Republic.

NATO’s Partnership for Peace
This paper examines NATO’s Partnership for Peace initiative; what it is, the background of the concept, and successes and failures.

"The Communist Manifesto"
This paper discusses the seminal political/philosophical work by Marx and Engels.

British and Irish Elections
This paper examines why major issues are no longer important in winning elections.

British and Irish Elections Focus on Opinion Polls
This paper is a revision of the "British and Irish Elections" paper with a substantial rewrite that focuses heavily on opinion polls.

Law and Order versus Individual Liberties
This paper discusses some of the characteristics of the forces of law and order as opposed to those who support individual liberties. It takes the side of those who think government has gone too...

Women in Politics
This paper examines the issue of women in politics and discusses how women entered the political arena, how they got where they are; how they might rise higher; and how they’re doing. It discusses...

Native American Essay
After centuries of paternalism and efforts at assimilation and termination should the US government solicit and consider input from these communities in determining the manner in which to...

Political Uncertainty Index, Presidential Impeachment: So What?
The Political Uncertainty Index is not a valid indicator. It only points to what investors believe others will do about news of political instability.

Social Security Reform
This paper discusses the need to reform social security and how Congress is approaching this seemingly impossible ordeal. It delves into various solutions that have been considered and are still...

Is America a Democracy or a Republic?
This paper will examine the question of whether the United States is a democracy or a republic, and the distinctions implied by those terms.

Citizen's Groups
This paper examines Allen Hertske’s book Representing God in Washington.

Economic and Political Transition in Latin America
This paper considers the ways in which economics and politics are woven together in many Latin American countries, and how transitions occur based on those paradigms.

Karl Marx Believed in Democracy (includes sentence outline)
In this paper there is a discussion on Karl Marx’s book The Capital, and how its ideas are linked to his views on democracy. Writings by Engels, Lenin, Trotsky and other writers help develop the...

Canadian Lobbying and Regulation
Canada has the first and most comprehensive regulation of lobbyists of Western democracies and republics. As the country prepares to reconsider the existing statue, an evaluation of Lobbyists and...

War as a Nation-Making Instrument
This paper explores Charles Tilly’s argument that war is a nation-making instrument by examining other schools of thought that suggest it is not the only way in which nationhood is created.

Weavers of Revolution
This paper examines the revolt of the factory workers at the Yarur mill in Santiago, Chile, as a microcosm of the socialist revolution that occurred in conjunction with the election of Salvador...

World War II and Viet Nam
This paper will compare the Viet Nam War and World War II as just causes for which an American President may ask his countrymen to fight. The reasons for each will first be briefly discussed, after...

U.S. Foreign Relations with Latin America
This paper examines U.S. policy toward Latin America, and what shape that policy might take in future.

U.S. Trade Policies
This paper examines trade policies and organizations developed by the United States since World War II. (5 pages; 4 sources; MLA

John McCain Bows Out
This paper examines John McCain’s recent presidential campaign and the reasons why it failed; it also takes a look at some of the ways in which politics is conducted in this country.

Illinois
This paper describes Illinois and the various governmental agencies of the state.

President Bush’s Fiscal Policy
This paper lists some of the proposed measures of the 2002 Federal budget as proposed by President Bush.

National Domestic Preparedness Office
This paper examines the National Domestic Preparedness Office, looking especially at how it is funded.

Citizenship Activities in Schools
This paper explores the concept of citizenship activities being taught in schools, the reason for such teaching, and what sorts of lessons are appropriate at varying grade levels.

Mugabe
This paper examines the political path traveled by Zimbabwe and Mugabe over nearly four decades and considers what the future of the country may be, setting the course that the country may travel...

National Representation in the European Union
This paper examines the issue of national representation of individual members of the European Union.

Presidential Campaign
This paper examines campaign strategy that would enable Gov. Bush to win the election.

Milton, Filmer and the Levellers
This paper looks at the political opinions of several 17th Century writers and activists, and concludes that their commonality lies in the writers’ use of Scripture to prove their arguments.

Margaret Thatcher I
This paper follows Margaret Thatcher's political life beginning in 1958 when she entered Parliament. It discusses her strengths and weaknesses and how she managed to be such a success during the...

Marx and Sociology Questions
This paper summarizes some chapters of Four Sociological Thinkers; a second paper examines the theories of Karl Marx.

Marx and the Problem of Poverty
This paper examines workers’ conditions during the Industrial Revolution, and the reaction of Marx, Hobhouse and Spencer to those conditions. It also touches briefly on their various social...

Moral Conduct: Franklin, Jefferson and JFK
This paper compares the three men and attempts to answer what their feelings were about the “average citizen.”

Islam and Democracy
This paper discusses the Islamic faith and its influence on politics, particularly in Algeria, Egypt, Pakistan and Malaysia.

Liberalism 1
This paper examines the political philosophy of liberalism by looking at how some important writers – including Hamilton, Madison, Jay and de Tocqueville – defined the term.

Homosexuals in Nazi Germany
This paper examines the life of homosexuals in Nazi Germany, including the effect of Paragraph 175, and their treatment in the camps. It also touches on life after the war, and homosexuality...

Is the House, Representative?
This paper argues that special interests keep the House from truly representing all the people.

The KGB and Artists
This paper examines the way in which the KGB controls artists, both inside and outside the Soviet Union.

The United Nations, Human Rights and China
This paper discusses the United Nations’ human rights policies as they apply to China. It also discusses the history of the U.N.’s Human Rights Commission, its interactions with International...

Hobbes and Montesquieu
This paper examines the differences between Hobbes' and Montesquieu's conception of the sovereign and how the idea of the power at the heart of a state affects other aspects of the system.

Hobbes and Rousseau
This paper contrasts Thomas Hobbes’ and Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s understanding of the structure of the state.

Soviet Leaders as Diplomatists on Behalf of Their Country: From Most to Least Successful
This paper discusses the various Soviet leaders, from Lenin to Gorbachev, and examines their diplomatic efforts on behalf of their nation. The leaders are ranked in terms of their success, from...

Economic Development and Democratization
This paper discusses the theory that economic development leads to democratization (i.e., a democratic form of government).

Inaugural Address
This paper presents a Presidential inaugural address based on the advice of one advisor in particular; two viewpoints are provided.

Affirmative Action
This paper discusses affirmative action, and constructs a hypothetical case to illustrate its workings.

Asylum in the United States
This paper briefly discusses the concept of political asylum in the United States, and analyzes whether or not a hypothetical family would qualify.

The F-18 Hornet Offset
Answers 4 questions about the countertrade agreement between the Finnish government and the American makers of the F-18 fighter jet.

Sovereignty of the States and the Right to Bear Arms
An argument against federal gun regulation based on the fact that the Second Amendment to the Constitution guarantees that the federal government cannot take away the right of its citizens to bear...

Hong Kong Textile and Apparel Industry
Hong Kong has long been famous for its apparel and textile exports; in fact, the United States is the largest importer of apparel and second largest importer of textiles from Hong Kong. American...

The Pros & Cons of Mass Media in Politics
This paper discusses the role of the media in political campaigns.

Voting and Political Participation Not Necessarily Correlated?
This paper examines the fact that voter turnout rates are lower in the US than in almost any other democratic country, while at the same time, non-electoral political participation remains...

Democracy in the American Political Identity
This paper examines quotations from three famous Americans (Adams, Calhoun and Lincoln) and evaluates what they thought of democracy.

America as Global Policeman
America has become the last of the superpowers, the last best hope of many nations that seek intervention or humanitarian aid in times of crisis. But should America take on the role of policeman...

Bob Woodward’s “Veil”
In this paper, there is a discussion on Bob Woodward’s powerful and controversial book “Veil: The Secret Wars of the CIA 1981-1987.” The book is based on over 250 interviews and over four dozen...

Welfare Systems in the U.S. and Japan
This paper examines the welfare systems in the two countries, and concludes that recent legislation in the U.S. has brought it closer to the Japanese model.

Comparative Democracy
This paper identifies the primary components of two models of government, the majoritarian model and the consensus model. These models will also be examined for strengths and weaknesses.

Political Culture and Democracy 2
This report argues that political culture is important to democracy, and examines the political cultures of Japan and Brazil.

Equality and the Female Vote
This paper discusses women's involvement in American politics, before and after they got the vote.

Feminism in the U.S.
This paper discusses the history of feminism in the United States.

Cynicism and Voter Participation
This paper examines the relationship between cynicism about the electoral process expressed in the mass media and other public forums – like talk shows – and low voter turnout and apathy, asking...

Devolution
This paper examines how devolution, in regards to a policy, shifts power; whether or not devolution improves governance, and whether devolution improves government performance in regards to policy....

Discourse Analysis
This paper examines the question of whether or not men and women approach public speaking differently, and what the differences might be.

Corruption in Bangladesh
This paper discusses the causes of corruption in Bangladesh, and assigns them to a hierarchy.

"Herland"
This paper analyzes the essay "Herland" by Charlotte Perkins Gilman.

Church and State
The Topic of this paper is the separation of church and state in the United States of America.

Cantwell, Gorton and “Conventional Wisdom”
This paper examines the Washington State senate race between Maria Cantwell and Slade Gorton, and discusses the issue of incumbency and its effect on elections.

Comparison of the British and American Governments
This paper focuses on the Presidential democracy of the United States and the Parliamentary democracy of the United Kingdom, comparing the two to determine their respective strengths and...

Presidential Attention and Nixon’s Policy Toward Pakistan
This paper examines the belief that even without direct presidential attention, bureaucracies are sensitive to presidential objectives, and how this belief applies to Richard Nixon’s foreign policy...

Who Controls the American Political System
An examination of the various branches of government and non-governmental factions that influence policy to determine which group is most influential.

Patient Self-Determination Act
This paper discusses the Patient Self-Determination Act, its impact on health care, and suggestions for improvements.

A History of Violence in Columbia
This paper examines the on-going guerrilla and drug wars in Colombia and the U.S. response to them.

The Fiscal Policies of Presidents Bill Clinton and George Bush
This paper is a compilation of some basic information and URLs for articles about the fiscal policies of Bill Clinton and George Bush.

The Negative Aspects of Gun Control
This report provides a discussion of gun control laws and currently proposed legislation, with a refutation of the common arguments heard from gun control advocates.

Cuban Tourism
This report provides a discussion of attempts to increase tourism in Cuba, the ways in which the U.S. embargo has affected the tourism economy in Cuba, and how Cuba can increase tourism and improve...

An Analysis of Early Day Motions
This paper provides a thorough discussion of Early Day Motions, including information about what they are, who advances them, their purpose, and their history. Also offers several examples to...

1996 Farm Bill
This paper provides an analysis of the effectiveness of government agricultural policy, with special focus on the 1996 farm bill as an example.

American Political Identity
This paper discusses the concept of political ideology as it relates to modern American politics.

Interest Rate Cuts: Effects
This report examines the reasons why the Federal Reserve cuts interets rates, and the intended effect of such cuts.

Legitimacy of Governments
This paper features a thorough definition of political legitimacy with regard to what makes a government legitimate, illustrated in part by a comparison of the governments of Mexico and Israel.

The U.S. Capital Gains Tax
An explanation of the capital gains tax, how it affects the economy and wages, how it works, and how it compares with tax laws of other nations.

A Review of the Book "Behind the Oval Office"
This paper reviews Dick Morris’ book about the 1996 Presidential campaign.

MTA Strike
This paper compares the recent MTA strike in Los Angeles with the near-strike situation that occurred one year ago in New York City.

Patron-Client Relationships in SE Asia
An analysis of the structure of patron-client relationships in Southeast Asian countries, including a look at the reason why such relationships developed. Includes case studies.

Cosmic Determinism and Free Will
This paper discusses the tension that exists between cosmic determinism and freedom of the will. It asks: Will man’s future be shaped by either or both? What drives our decisions and in short,...

Juanita Harrison: "My Great, Wide, Beautiful World"
This paper examines Juanita Harrison’s book My Great, Wide, Beautiful World and relates it to the events and philosophies of the time in which she wrote. It also compares this work with other...

Hazardous Materials in Business
This paper explores the way in which federal regulations for the handling of hazardous materials impact small business.

De Tocqueville and Rousseau
This paper discusses the philosophies of political theorists Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Alexis de Tocqueville, focusing on their perspectives on human nature, the political order and freedom.

Death of the Hammer and Sickle
This paper examines some of the reasons for the breakup of the Soviet Union and failure of Communism.

Hazardous Materials Regulations: Effect on Small Business
The report focuses on federal regulations governing use and handling of hazardous materials, and the effect these regulations have on small business. It argues that the regulations target small...

China's Political System
A discussion of the Chinese political system, how women participate in it, and changes it has recently undergone that will help China to become a part of the global economy.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of NAFTA
Describes the short-term benefits of the North American Free Trade Agreement as opposed to the long-term disadvantages, particularly for Mexico. Also discusses the concept of free trade with...

Public Interest vs the Public's Best Interest
Discusses ways in which public administrators can distinguish between public interest and the public’s best interest when designing policies and plans and making decisions that impact the public.

Monetary Policies of Presidents Carter and Reagan
The report is a discussion of the policies that characterized the struggling economies of the Carter and Reagan Administrations, and their results.

Airport Security
This report is a discussion of the ways in which airport security issues impact the traveling public, with particular emphasis on the results of the recent terrorist attacks.

Anti-Stalking Legislation
Argues that tougher anti-stalking laws are necessary in order to provide adequate protection for stalking victims.

Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt
A fictional dialogue about foreign policy between the two former presidents which accurately depicts their unique perspectives.

The Contributions of U.S. Immigrants
This paper argues that the U.S. policy on immigration should be relaxed because of the contributions that immigrants make to U.S. society.

J. F. Kennedy and the Economy
This paper touches briefly on JFK's relationship to Congress and to the Federal Reserve, and the state of the American economy when he was assassinated.

U.S Policy Toward Refugees
This paper examines U.S. policy toward refugees, with specific emphasis on U.S. Coast Guard policy toward interdicting Cuban and Haitian émigrés.

The American Government as Created by the Constitution
Article IV of the Constitution of the United States guarantees a "Republican form of government." Americans wanted to control their own lives. This report provides a discussion of what type of...

Bush's White House
This paper examines George W. Bush's management of the White House after his first year in office.

Gender and Slavery
This paper examines the importance of gender in understanding the experience and effects of slavery, for women's experience was often very different from that of men.

Campaign Finance & The Politics of Equality
An analysis of campaign finance proposals and the Clinton Health Security Act that evaluates the validity of each and offers an opinion as to what they collectively say about equality in American...

Clinton Administration Fiscal Policy
A description, with examples, of the fiscal policies that have characterized the Clinton Administration, and how those policies have affected the U.S. economy.

Emile Durkheim Theories on Division of Labor
This paper will discuss the classical theorist Emile Durkheim and his theory of the division of labor in society as compared to those of Marx, Weber, and Rousseau.

Equal Credit Opportunity Act
This paper will discuss the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, its provisions, motivations, use by minorities and women, and how effective it has been.

Presidential Campaign 2004
A look at what lessons a campaign manager might take from the mistakes of the presidential election of 2000 to improve the campaign of 2004.

Gender and the Family
The effect of gender on the structure of the American family remains one of the most important organizing principles of family life, despite the changes that have occurred in the work and family...

Gadol on Renaissance Women
This paper discusses Joan Kelly Gadol's question, "Did women have a Renaissance"? and attempts to answer it.

Abortion Legislation Since 1995
A review of actions by federal legislators and courts on abortion issues since 1995, with a focus on two pieces of legislation: The Child Custody Protection Act and The Partial-Birth Abortion Ban...

Employee Discipline
A discussion of the issues, necessary actions, and probable outcomes of three cases of employee misconduct.

The 1994-1995 Baseball Strike
A review of the 1994-1995 baseball strike with regard to labor relations. Argues that the 8 month labor dispute over salary caps was essentially fruitless.

Speech as Propaganda: Deng Xiaoping
Discussion of Deng Xiaoping's speech on the occasion of the declaration of martial law attending the Tiananmen Square massacre.

Overview of Domestic Violence
Over the last couple of decades, more information about the staggering occurrences of domestic abuse across the nation, is being revealed. This once secret and closed aspect of violence is gaining...

The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty: Not a Partisan Issue
This paper argues the need for the United States Senate to reconsider and ratify the CTBT. It addresses and refutes the contentions of the treaty’s detractors, and it assigns much of the blame for...

Political Cycles and Campaign Strategy
Hypothetical memo from a campaign adviser to a presidential candidate opposing Bill Clinton.

Cyprus
Introduction: This paper is a brief essay on the division of Cyprus. Although this paper will briefly consider the history of the division, the primary interest of this paper is the reasons behind...

The Government of the Czech Republic
The formation of the Czech Republic came with a brand new constitution and a new government. This paper outlines the format of each of these, as well as offering a brief discussion of possible...

The Velvet Split
The former countries of Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia both fell victim to division due to nationalistic pride on the parts of ethnic groups within their borders. The resulting splits, however, were...

Edmund Burke and His View of Constitutionalism and the American Regime
This paper will discuss the personal / political views of Edmund Burke in relation to the issue of contstitutionalism (in England, France, and America) and his overall views of America. Explored...

World Politics After the Cold War
Summary: This paper will discuss the main developments in the post World War Two era in terms of conflict and the attempts to forestall it

Canadian Immigration Policy
Summary: This paper will discuss the Canadian Immigration policy, specifically the main agencies involved, the history of Canadian immigration, how government decisions are made, and the future of...

Capital Punishment
Abstract: In this paper, there will be a discussion about capital punishment, with the proponent’s perspective being supported. Though both sides will be dealt with, the resulting viewpoint will...

British Feminism
Feminism is a controversial topic to many people, both men and women. Although feminism is a word that was coined during the women’s liberation movement in the 1970’s, women have striven for...

The Political Career of John C. Calhoun
Introduction: John C. Calhoun was a towering political figure in the America of the early Nineteenth Century. He served, at various times, as Senator for South Carolina, the Secretary of War, the...

The Bifurcation of America
Abstract: In this paper, there will be a discussion on the bifurcation of America, that is the two differing ideologies that define this county – individualism and us vs. them. Certain historical...

Campaign Finance Reform and the Role of Money
Politics today is seen as a game played only by the very wealthy, those who can afford to make massive contributions to their candidates in hopes of influencing their policy decisions after they...

Affirmative Action: A Socio-Political Analysis
Provides an in-depth examination of affirmative action in America including a brief history, problems created by affirmative action, educational policy, and other issues.

Should Perot be Allowed in the Presidential Debates?
Discusses Perot's role in the 1996 presidential elections and whether he should be allowed to participate in the presidential debates.

International Union of Police Associations
Traces the origins and history of the International Union of Police Associations, its affiliation with the AFL-CIO, and analyzes the benefits derived from this association.

A History of Social Security
Provides a history of Social Security beginning with its inception in 1935 by the passage of the Social Security Act and throughout its various forms taken on by the applicable amendments to the...

Comparison of American and Canadian Political Parties
Compares and contrasts the issues and concerns of the Progressive Conservative, Liberal, and New Democratic Parties of Canada and the Republican and Democratic Parties of the United States. The...

Balancing Executive Power
Elements that control the balance of power between the executive and legislature are defined. Shows how the doctrine of executive power arose and how it has developed to balance its power with the...

The Women's Health Movement
Discusses how the women's health movement encourages women to take control of their personal health, not only institutionally or clinically, but also spiritually. Also identifies activities women...

The Importance of Women's Heath
Discusses the difficulties women face in bringing forward their health concerns in a system of male-dominated medicine. Argues that while some strides have been made toward providing women with...

The Distinction Between Political Science and Current Events
Examines the difference between the study of politics, and the study of current affairs, or the news. The two are highly related but the author points to several distinctions between them.

California's Proposition 209 & Affirmative Action
Discusses California's Proposition 209 which prohibits discrimination or preferential treatment based on race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin in public employment, education, and...

The Status of Women in the Middle East & North Africa
Debates about the status of women in the Middle East and North Africa have centered on the Islamic faith. This paper argues that it is not the Islamic faith, but the countries, which allow the...

Political Culture and Democracy
Argues that political culture is important to, and necessary for, the preservation of democracy. Examines the political cultures of Japan and Brazil with respect to the three primary aspects of...

The Presidential Election of 1996
Discusses some of the issues of the election of 1996 , most specifically Clinton and Dole's economic plans , as well as some of the election results .

The 22nd Amendment of the U.S. Constitution
Argues that the 22nd amendment, which limits the terms of the presidency, should be repealed.

Nuclear Weapons Testing
A discussion of nuclear weapons, their testing, and the resulting hazardous waste. The report takes the position against weapons. **Includes appendix with graph.

Women in Management: A Physiological Advantage?
Describes the differences in men's and women's brains and argues that women make better managers due to the physiological make-up of their brains.

History of the Labor Movement
Discusses the history of labor movement including how unions began and the formation of the AFL and eventually the AFL-CIO.

Bob Dole in the Election of 1996
Discusses Bob Dole in the election of 1996. Was he the right man for the job?

John Locke and Thomas Hobbes
Compares and contrasts the different theories of Locke and Hobbes regarding the state of nature and the formation of commonwealths in Leviathan by Hobbes and in the Second Treatise of Government by...

Labor in Britain, France and the USA
Discusses how European labor is difficult to separate as the economy is intertwined among the countries of the EU. Argues that labor is wasted in both Europe and the US as the economy is...

The Labor System in France
Discusses the labor system in France from an historical perspective from the Industrial Revolution to modern times. Also compares the French system to that of the U.S. and Britain.

Replacement Workers for Hire
Argues the benefits of hiring replacement workers during a strike.

Labor Morale
Discusses how labor morale can greatly affect the profits of the company and argues that compensation, teams, technology and stress all play a big part in morale problems and solutions

The Break-Up of Ma Bell
Discusses the history of American Telephone and Telegraph and how the Justice Department used the Sherman Anti-Trust Act to break up AT&T.

Federal Aviation Administration
Analyzes the history of the Federal Aviation Administration as well as its structure and regulatory powers.

Italian Americans
Details Italian American assimilation into American culture, immigration and naturalization, and the current revival of Italian culture in America.

Medical and Health Care Essays
A collection of 7 questions with 4-5 page answers dealing with health care and health care workers. Moral and ethical issues are discussed in the essays. Topics include such things as Nichomachean...

Korean vs American Women
Analyzes the changing roles of Korean women through the years and compares these roles with those of American women.

History of the United Nations
Traces the events that led to the birth of the United Nations and analyzes the conferences that laid the groundwork for this organization.

A Square Deal From the New Deal
Examines the objectives and accomplishments of FDR's NEW DEAL.

Abraham Lincoln's Leadership
Analyzes how Abraham Lincoln was able to transcend his own shortcomings and become America's greatest leader. Particular emphasis is given to how Lincoln was able to obtain the qualities of...

Coping with Relationships: How Men & Women Differ
An essay examining the differing coping skills of men and women in relationships. Cites John Gray's best-selling book, Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus.

TheTelecommunications Act of 1996
Details the effects of the recent rewrite of the federal law that governs communication, which has already resulted in changes at both the consumer and corporate level.

The Death of Abraham Lincoln
Discusses some of the reasons why President Abraham Lincoln may have been assassinated. Analyzes what motivated John Wilkes Booth and why he chose to assassinate the 16th President of the United...

The League of Women Voters
Explores the history, political theory, ideology and principles of the League of Women Voters.

Chinese Culture and Family
Describes Chinese culture and customs in regards to marriage and family values.

Health & Social Welfare in Brazil
The issue of health and social welfare is a problem that is faced by countries worldwide, Brazil is no exception. This paper will examine the issue of health and social welfare in Brazil, and the...

Breast Augmentation
Examines the ethics of non-reconstructive breast augmentation procedures, and how the selection process (candidate selection and informed consent) causes women to subscribe to the cultural...

Devolution in American Government
Considers the issues involved with devolution, or changing to a less centralized form of governance. There is a growing number of people who believe decentralization is warranted in order to...

John Anderson as Don Quixote
Demonstrates how John Anderson can be considered as a Don Quixote character. Analyzes the political cartoon which attempts to depict Anderson in an unflattering manner by comparing him to the...

Equality & the Female Vote
Details the history of women's struggle to gain gender equality, through organizations such as the NAWSA and legislation like the Equal Rights Amendment. Begins by discussing women's suffrage as a...

A History of Gun Control in America
Argues the thesis that America's right to keep and bear arms is as protected today as is life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Gun control is very much a political issue and will continue to...

International Terrorism: Its Effect on U.S. National Security
Examines the effect of three international situations involving terrorism: the Palestinian-Arab relations, Pakistani acquisition of the nuclear bomb, and the bombing of the U.S. embassy in Sudan.

The Iran-Contra Affair: The Situation in Nicaragua
Examines the Iran-Contra affair, concentrating on the Latin American aspects. The report focuses on the situation in Nicaragua during the time period. Discusses why the United States felt that...

The Homestead Act of 1862
Discusses the issues presented in the debate over land policy concerning the land outside the original 13 colonies. Thomas Jefferson's arguments are presented, representing the slave holding...

The Power of the President
Examines the structure of the separation of powers and the checks and balances in the Constitution. Discusses modifying the Constitution to increase power to the President. This paper will take the...

Who Has the Power in American Government?
Where does the real power lie? Is it with the President, Congress, the Judiciary? Or do the public, interest groups, mass media, corporations, or political parties have more control? This paper...

The Effects of Political Uncertainty on the Stock Market
Argues that political uncertainty is not a valid indicator of how the market will perform. It only points to what investors believe others will do about news of political instability. Uses the...

Public Administration
Examines two issues: 1) the arguments for and against unionization in the public sector and 2) the processes involved in and sequence and history of public budgeting in the United States.

American Foreign Policy During Vietnam
US foreign policies before and during the Vietnamese conflict reflected the fear of the spread of communism. The necessity of conflict, the need for protectionism and the necessity of single,...

The Writings of President John Adams
In this report, the writer presents a short biography of John Adams and focuses on three of the former president's most important writings: Thoughts on Government, A Defense of the Constitutions of...

Scope and Future of Labor Relations
A discussion of labor relations in the work place including flexibility, temporary employment, and workers' morale.

Inter-Government Dealings with Garbage Disposal
Discusses cooperation among local Governments (in particular Georgia), states, and nations in efforts to minimize the costs of garbage collection.

Americans with Disabilities Act
Details the Americans with Disabilities Act and the effects it has on employers.

Total Quality Government
Discusses the application of Total Quality Management (TQM) into government as a way of ensuring efficiency.

MTA New York City Transit
Discusses how the New York MTA is funded by fairboxes and various government subsidies and how new ways are being sought to support modern needs to maintain and run the transit system.

Relationship between Oil Companies and Government
Discusses the relationship between oil companies and the government, analyzing how citizens can influence government, how government can help or hurt business, and other related issues.

Absenteeism in Public Organizations
Provides an overview of past evaluations of the problem of absenteeism as a whole, with a specific concentration on the problem for governmental or public service organizations, using Miami-Dade...

Impact of the Watergate Scandal on American Economics
Examines the impact of the Watergate scandal and subsequent resignation of President Richard Nixon on the United States economy, specifically the stock market, and draws parallels with the current...

Public Administration
Discusses the definition of public administration, compares and contrasts public and private administration, and examine why public administrators should be held to high moral standards.

Puerto Ricans in the United States
Describes the social conditions of Puerto Ricans in the United States and compares them to the situation of Puerto Ricans in Puerto Rico.

Quaker Women in 18th Century New England
Focuses on the problems facing 18th century Quaker women. Furthermore, this paper discusses these women in the context of their religious and societal roles.

The Congress of the United States
Examines the Congress of the United States, how it was created, what has caused major changes in its structure, how it has developed from its original form, and specific figures that have played...

The Tobacco Issue: 1997 to Present
Discusses the legislation and activity of Congress on the tobacco issue from 1997 to present.

Congress and the Supreme Court
Analyzes the relationship between Congress and the Supreme Court, focusing on the Religious Liberties Restoration Act and the roles both bodies played in this 1998 legislation.

Osha : Agency's Role in High School Athletics and Coaching
Discusses role and function of agency. Details examples of OSHA's presence in school athletic settings and coaching.

Megan's Law
Discusses the events of the well-documented Megan Kanka murder, and examines important facets of the legislation it spawned: Megan's Law. A social and racial angle is explored regarding the trial,...

Utopia
Presents a contrast in the Utopias envisioned by William Morris' News from Nowhere and B.F. Skinner's Walden Two.

The Socialist Philosophy of William Morris
Examines the Socialist philosophy of William Morris in the production and appreciation of art and its applications in the contemporary world.

Racial Tensions in New Mexico
Examines the Chicano movement in New Mexico, tracing its origins to the signing of the Treaty of the Guadalupe Hidalgo. It also studies the history of Mexican Americans in that region and...

Stereotypes of Feminists
Discusses the common stereotypes of the feminist population and their roles in society.

An Analysis of Four Presidents
Evaluates the major weaknesses and strengths of Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Johnson and ranks their presidencies.

Theodore Roosevelt's Presidency
Examines the progressive domestic accomplishments of Theodore Roosevelt during his Presidency.

The History of Congress
Examines the history of the U.S. Congress including the body's constitutional foundations and lawmaking processes.

New Technology and Women
A discussion of the effects of the latest technologies on women, based primarily on Jan Zimmerman's article Some Effects of the New Technology on Women in Once Upon the Future, Pandora Press, 1986.

German Abortion Laws
Discusses how the unification of East and West Germany brought about many changes in abortion laws. Also analyzes the changes themselves and how they came about.

U.S. Response to the Embassy Bombing
Provides an overview of the recent U.S. missile attacks in Afghanistan and Sudan and discuss how these attacks were in response to two U.S. embassy bombings by terrorists.

Modern Political Structures of the United Kingdom & Japan
Compares and contrasts Japanese and British politics today and examines issues such as elections, class and parties of both countries.

Welfare Systems in Japan & Russia
Compares and contrasts the welfare systems of Japan and Russia and presents statistical data that examines the advantages and disadvantages of both countries' approaches.

The Negative Effects of Deregulation of the Aviation Industry
Discusses how airline deregulation may not be the solution the government intended in 1978 and argues that rather than helping competition, it has succeeded in stifling the smaller airlines while...

The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
NEPA established national environmental policies, allowed for the development of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and required the investigation and consideration of the impacts of federal...

Spain
Provides a brief overview of the history of Spain and conditions there today. Briefly summarizes some of the more important etiquette and cultural considerations in personal and business dealings.

Discrimination Against Women in Television Broadcasting
Discusses that while women are making more of a showing among the ranks of television broadcasters, they still must contend with a double standard and an old boys' network that keeps them beneath a...

The Organization and Operations of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Examines the organization of the Environmental Protection Agency through its vast office structure, interaction among various subdivisions and the process of establishing an agenda for the...

Domestic Violence Law
Discusses domestic violence by examining legislation at both the federal level and within the state of Alabama and concludes that despite numerous dramatic measures, incidents of domestic violence...

Spain & Portugal
Discusses the historical background, politics, economy, and military history of 2 EC (European Community) nations, namely Spain and Portugal.

Women in Sports Medicine
Gives a historical overview of the expanding role of women in sport medicine. The National Athletic Trainers Association (NATA) is discussed at length as an integral part of the movement.

The History of Women in Journalism
Discusses the history of the role of women in journalism, their current status, the prospects for the future, and provides a brief conclusion.

Gender Comparisons in Carol Gilligans In A Different Voice
Analyzes Gilligan's book in terms of her focus on the gender differences between men and women in areas such as mortality, identity and conflict and choice.

Women in the Police Force and Military
Discusses women's roles in the police force and military. Argues for women's involvement in law enforcement and military service by arguing that these are not just masculine arenas, but demand...

The 1996 Elections
Examines three issues discussed in Ceaser and Busch's book, Winning to Lose, which details the 1996 election. Discusses the nomination of Bob Dole, the election of Bill Clinton, and why the...

Chicana Feminist History and Criticism
Traces the evolution of the Chicana feminist movement and its developing body of criticism, and will discuss the political and socio-cultural implications of that criticism. The report will begin...

Japan: History, Government & Political System
A brief history of Japan and a description of its government, political system and modern reform initiatives. Also discusses the quality of Japan's democracy.

Coercive Diplomacy Through Economic Sanctions
Economic sanctions are a diplomatic tactic used in the post-Cold War era to confront countries involved in various internationally recognized abuses of power. Consideration of their efficiency...

Gun Control and Children
A discussion of the history of gun control legislation; examples and statistics regarding gun-related child deaths and violent acts committed by children with guns; and an examination of potential...

Presidential Campaign 2000
Examines the reasons why the campaigns of McCain and Bradley failed, why those of Bush and Gore succeeded, and the impact of political advertising.

Australian Aid to Papua New Guinea
A discussion of Australia's foreign aid policies and goals with regard to Papua New Guinea. Papua New Guinea receives a good deal of aid from Australia, a country whose primary goal is to protect...

The Development of Anarchism
Anarchy can be defined as a social system of non-hierarchical organization operating on the theory that government is oppressive and unnecessary. Describes the anarchist movement--how it started...

The Untouchables of India
A discussion of the Hindu caste system in India; its origins, its justification, and how it affects modern Indian society, particularly with regard to treatment of the Untouchables. Also describes...

Is South Africa Changing?
Discusses the abandonment of the apartheid system from the South African government . Nelson Mandela is discussed at length as an integral part of the movement.

The Israel-Palestine Conflict: Memorandum of Understanding Toward Revolution
Discusses the history of the Israel-Palestine conflict, Israeli occupation and Palestinian self-rule, Rabin and Netanyahu's involvement, and feasible steps toward resolution.

William Mckinley's Presidency
Discusses McKinley's achievements as the President of the United States late in the 19th Century. The main topics are the Spanish-American War and McKinley's advocacy of tariffs.

The Dawes General Allotment Act of 1887
Discusses the history, accomplishments, and current issues regarding this landmark act, which gave the President of the United States the authority to issue grants of land to American Indians.

The Philosophy of Thomas Jefferson
Discusses the ideas and philosophy behind the establishment of the Declaration of Independence and Thomas Jefferson's thoughts on general democracy.

The Watergate Scandal
A well written paper that provides an overview of the scandal that plagued Richard Nixon's presidency and ultimately led to his resignation.

The Gang of Four
Discusses the Gang of Four, a powerful leftist group in China during the chairmanship of Communist Party leader Mao Zedong around 1976, in terms of their history, how they became powerful, their...

The Evolution of Women's Gender Roles in Society
Discusses the changing of women's gender roles in terms of political equality, motherhood and the workplace.

How the Use of the Atomic Bomb Saved Lives
Discusses how the use of the atomic bomb ended World War II and actually saved the lives of many in the long run.

The IRS and Its Criminal Investigations Unit
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is a division of the U.S. Treasury Department responsible for the collection of over 90% of all the tax dollars due the United States Government. This report...

Different Perspectives on Affirmative Action
This paper will review the positive and negative conditions resulting from Affirmative Action based on a political, economic, legal, and human resource perspective. Also considers the future of...

Cold War and Africa and Cuba
In this report, there will be a discussion on the Cold War and how ethic groups influenced American foreign policy. The focus will be on African Americans and Cuban Americans. The United States'...

The Impeachment Trials of Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton
A comparison of the impeachment proceedings of the only two presidents, Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton, in the history of the United States to undergo impeachment, including specific charges,...

Fairness for Legal Immigrants Act
Discusses the social problem necessitating the Fairness for Legal Immigrants Act, the provisions of the act, strategy behind passing the act into law, and how the act might be implemented if passed.

Campaign Finance Reform
A discussion of the issues surrounding campaign finance reform, including challenges created by campaign finance abuses, suggestions for reform, and arguments by both reformers and those opposed to...

Canadian Lobbying and Regulation
Canada has the first and most comprehensive regulation of lobbyists of Western democracies and republics. As the country prepares to reconsider the existing statue, an evaluation of Lobbyists and...

The Problem with Affirmative Action Programs
This paper examines the concept of affirmative action programs. It describes the problem of affirmative action, discusses the causes and postulates a solution.

Richard Nixon: Domestic and Foreign Policy
Discusses Nixon's foreign policy with China and the Soviet Union and includes his domestic policy under New Federalism.

The Presidents and the Courts
Discusses the relationship between the U.S. President and the U.S. Judiciary as two parts of a three-branch government which attempt to keep each other in check through the system of checks and...

The Republic of the Philippines: Political & Military Assessment
Discusses the history and military power of the Philippines, their economic status, and their worldwide alliance.

Indonesia's Political System
Discusses Indonesia's government, arguing that it is trying to hold its temper as students demonstrate, but there is little evidence that much has changed in this authoritarian regime.

The Role of the Securities and Exchange Commission
Discusses how the role of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is to examine and regulate corporations offering securities for sale and oversee the markets, while protecting the investor....

The Partial Birth Abortion Ban
An evaluation of the policy process of the 105th Congress' decision to put forth legislation on a federal level that restricts late term abortions.

Balancing the Budget : America's Most Pressing Economic Problem
Analyzes the economic ramifications of a federal deficit and argues that the Balanced Budget Amendment will stabilize the economy .

Presidential Power
Illustrates the separation of power in the government branches and discusses the debate of the increase in power to the Executive branch.

Analysis of American Influence on Japan & Korea after WWII
Discusses how the politics of mutual mistrust and animosity have been notable barriers to improved relations between the United States, Japan, and Korea since World War II. Also analyzes how the...

Herbert Hoover as President and Humanitarian
An examination of Herbert Hoover's life from his orphaned childhood to his successful career as a businessman; from his disastrous presidency to his later years as a revered humanitarian.

The War Powers Resolution
A legislative analysis of the 1973 act, which required the President to consult with Congress before committing American troops to battle. Also discusses it's application in the Gulf War.

The First Continental Congress
Discusses the history and importance of the First Continental Congress on the development of the United States.

Marx's Views on Equality
Compares and contrasts Karl Marx's On the Jewish Question, Michael Warner's The Mass Public and the Mass Subject, and Patricia Williams' The Alchemy of Race and Rights in regards to citizenship and...

Karl Marx and Social Reform
Discusses Marx's concept of social reform as discussed in the Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts and relates his ideas with other writers such as Martin Luther King, Nancy Chodorow, and Simon...

Lack of Military Preparation in the Pearl Harbor Bombing
Discusses how the lack of military preparedness came to play in Japan's surprise attack on Pearl Harbor.

The Assassination of John F. Kennedy
Presents a chronology of the events of November 22, 1963, the day John Fitzgerald Kennedy, President of the United States, was shot to death in Dallas, Texas, by an assassin whose identity is still...

Women in India
A socio-political analysis of the status of women in Indian society as India enters the global market. Discusses educational issues, sociological issues, etc.

The Study of American Politics
Provides a brief overview of the four major areas (disciplines) of study in American politics, including American Politics, political theory, comparative politics, and international politics. This...

Mohandas Gandhi and Mao Zedong's Leadership
Discusses how China and India became such different states despite sharing a common border and being founded within a decade or so of each other. Considers the problems of the rural, agrarian...

The Political Ideology Matrix
Illuminates the interrelationship of political ideology, political economy, political culture and the media, referred to as the political ideology matrix.

Democracy and Legitimacy in American Politics
Examines the key features that constitute a democratic form of government using it as a model on which to compare the government of the United States. Finds that while the legitimacy of the U.S....

A Legislative Analysis of The Brady Bill
Discusses the historic legislation which mandated a waiting period for the purchase of hand guns. The measure sailed through the House of Representatives, but met serious opposition in the Senate....

The Evolving Powers of the President
Examines the ever changing powers of the President, focussing on how World War I and Woodrow Wilson changed the office, especially in the realm of war and international politics. Throughout history...

China's One-Child Policy: An Economic Perspective on Governmental Control
In 1979, China implemented a one-child per family policy in order to address the issue of unchecked population growth for a country with limited resources and space. The general consensus is that...

The Effectiveness of Affirmative Action for Women
Details the struggle for women, especially in the United States, to play on a level playing field with men in the workforce. Affirmative action programs have helped women climb the corporate...

Al Gore and the Race for the White House
Examines the question: which Republican would Al Gore most like to see as his opponent for the Presidency and why? It looks at the nature of political campaigns, examines some common wisdom about...

The Role of Women in the Industrial Revolution
Discusses the role of women during the Industrial Revolution and examines how it changed many of their lives. Also illustrates how women played a significant role in the revolution's success. How...

Modern Political Power in Baltimore
Discusses the importance of race, social problems, diverse political interests, and the legacies of the two previous mayors leading up to the crucial 1999 Baltimore mayoral race.

Social Action in Mill's On Liberty
Discusses John Stuart Mill's treatise On Liberty. The focus will be to explain what the political philosopher meant when he said that social action should secure all persons complete independence...

China's Human Rights Abuses
Details the Chinese government's abuse of it's citizen's rights and the controversy it has created .

New Jersey Brownfields & Site Remediation Act
Discusses the history of environmental regulation in New Jersey and the Brownfields Act, and analyzes the liability, incentives, limitations, and economic incentives of the legislation.

Women in Journalism
A historical overview of women's role in journalism, including examples of several early women journalists and the concept of yellow journalism.

The Babri Masjid Incident
Discusses the role of religion and politics in India and how their intertwining effects on government caused upheaval in the country during the Babri Masjid incident.

Economic and Social Impacts of Canadian Immigration Policies
Discusses the history of fluctuations in Canada's immigration policies throughout the 20th century and their relationship to economic considerations, demographic trends, unemployment, and citizen...

Feminism
Discusses the concept of feminism, Marxist feminism, and maternal thinking feminism.

Citizenship and Its Responsibilities
Discusses citizenship and the responsibilities that accompany citizenship with an emphasis on the concept of community development.

Containment in South Vietnam: 1945 Through 1968
Examines the policy of containment in Vietnam under the Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Johnson administrations.

Batista and the Cuban Revolution
Examines the rise to power of Fugencio Batista in Cuba with a particular emphasis on how it shaped American policy.

The Role of the Women and Non-Elites in Renaissance
Discusses the extent to which women and non-elites were participants in the Renaissance.

Marx and His Dialectic Determinism
Discusses the philosophy of Karl Marx and provides an examination of his views on material determinism.

McCarthyism and Its Effect of Hollywood
Details the history of the effect that Senator Joseph McCarthy and the House Un-American Activities Committee had on Hollywood film community during the anti-Communism hearings during the late...

The Italian Transition from Fascism
Discusses Italy's transition from fascism to democracy and argues that the country still has a long way to go in ensuring freedom and a truly democratic state.

The 1993 Oslo Accords
Briefly surveys the Oslo accords between Israel and the Palestinians that were signed in 1993. Considers the stipulations of these accords. After examining the stipulations of the Oslo Accords,...

The Role of Oil Giant Aramco in Saudi Arabia
Explores the role of the Arabian American Oil Company, known as Aramco, in the development of Saudi Arabia and the world. Discusses the evolution of the company from an independent American company...

Observational Behavior in a Work Environment
This paper will discuss discrimination against older employees in the workplace, and how this behavior relates to workplace diversity.

Gender Stereotyping: Women and Math and Science
A common gender-based stereotype is that women avoid math and science classes, and that those who do persist in this field are unattractive, plain, or ugly. Significant research, besides common...

Cost-Benefit Analysis: Protecting Former Presidents
Examines the practice of providing Secret Service protection for former United States Presidents. It explains the concept of cost-benefit analysis; gives a brief history of the Secret Service, its...

Caterpillar Inc. and Labor Relations
Details Caterpillar's long-standing quarrel with organized labor.

The Balanced Budget
A discussion of the balanced budget, including the fiscal side of the argument as well as the opposing views of Democrats and Republicans.

The Presidency of Grover Cleveland
Details the presidency and life of Grover Cleveland and contains a 1.5 page first person account of Cleveland's presidency.

The Life and Customs of The People of Java
Discusses the quality of life, traditions, customs, and ceremonies of the island people of Java.

The Downfall of the Choson (Yi) Dynasty in Korea
Argues that corruption, greed, and a caste-like society led to the downfall of the Choson (Yi) dynasty in Korea.

The Writings of President John Adams
Presents a brief biography of John Adams and analyzes three of his writings: Thoughts on Government, A Defense of the Constitutions of the United States, and a correspondence with his wife Abigail...

Immigrant Entrepreneurs
The opportunity to strike it rich by owning one's own business is a dream of many immigrants who come to the United States. This report looks at four groups of immigrants, namely Asian, Hispanic,...

First Amendment Rights in the John Rocker Situation
The First Amendment of the Constitution provides for the freedom of expression. Recently, John Rocker, pitcher for the Atlanta Braves, went on record with Sports Illustrated magazine with racist...

Puerto Rican Immigration
A paper focusing on the immigrants from Puerto Rico, beginning with the earliest immigrants and ending up with a discussion of today's immigrants.

The Meiji Restoration in Japan
Discusses the Meiji Restoration-revolution in Japanese life and government that occurred after the accession of Emperor Mutsuhito in 1867.

Social & Business Discourse in Saudi Arabia
Discusses cultural, social, and business conditions in Saudi Arabia.

Feminization of Poverty
A discussion of the feminization of poverty, the idea that a growing number of women are among the long term poor population.

The New South Africa
Evaluates the economic, political and social changes in the newly developing South Africa outside of the rule of apartheid and discusses how, since the first free election in that country in 1994,...

Karl Marx and His Critique of Capitalism
Examines briefly Karl Marx's critique of capitalism, the driving force behind his theory, the primary features of capitalism according to Marx, the development of different classes and their...

Senator Richard Gephardt
Examines the political career of Senator Richard Gephardt, his ideology and stance on key issues. Also includes a short biography.

The First Amendment
Examines the first amendment to the Constitution, generally known as the free speech amendment. Begins by addressing the history of the Constitution. Simply, the founding fathers saw a need for...